Method and system to enable dynamic modification of metadata in content

ABSTRACT

A method to enable dynamic modification of metadata in a content, the method comprising of constructing the content ( 305, 505 ) received from a plurality of content providers, determining a set of rules based on a criterion ( 310, 405 ) and sending the content and the set of rules ( 315, 410, 510 ) separately. At a receiver end, the set of rules are applied to the content ( 610, 710 ) to obtain a resulting content and the resulting content is displayed ( 615, 715 ) on a display unit.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates generally to dynamically modifying a metadataapplied to a content. More specifically to a method and system to enabledynamic modification of a metadata in a content. The content cancomprise of a movie, a video, a viewable online content and a non-moviecontent that includes a TV serial, a documentary, and a game.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION AND PRIOR ART

In today's scenario there are different ways in which one can watchmovies, videos and any online content. One goes to the video store forrentals of movies or videos, the content of which is stored on movie orvideo films or on digital video disks (DVDs). One also downloads orstreams content on a personal computer (PC) from the Internet. It isalso possible that Quarter Common Intermediate Format (QCIF), and othersmall-screen streams or broadcast TV quality can be viewed using the PC.However many times such downloaded or streamed content is low quality.

In addition, all the above-mentioned video formats consist of staticcontent, where the content and metadata are embedded during authoringthe content. The content therefore needs to be completely re-authored ifany changes to the metadata are required during playback. As a result itbecomes cumbersome and costly since a change in content or metadatainvolves re-authoring, and reconstructing the content. Therefore, thereexists a need to provide a method to enable dynamic modification ofmetadata if any changes to the content are required during playback.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An aspect of the invention is to provide a method and system to enabledynamic modification of a metadata in a content.

In order to fulfill above aspect, the method comprises constructing acontent. Thereafter, determining a first set of rules for the contentbased on a criterion. Further, the method comprises sending the set ofrules and the content to a receiver to enable the receiver to apply theset of rules to the content. It should be observed that the content cancomprise a movie, a video, a viewable online content and a non-moviecontent that may include a TV serial, a documentary, and a game.Typically, the content can be a single file or a set of multiple files.The set of rules being applied to the content can comprise a pluralityof advertisements, a plurality of subtitles, a plurality of hologramsand a plurality of censor rules. The criteria based on which the set ofrules are determined can comprise a region to which the content istransmitted and a viewing pattern of a viewer.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DIAGRAMS

The accompanying figures together with the detailed description beloware incorporated in and form part of the specification, serve to furtherillustrate various embodiments and to explain various principles andadvantages all in accordance with the invention, and should not beconstrued to limit the invention.

FIG. 1 shows a system for dynamic modification of a metadata in acontent at a transmitter end, in accordance with an exemplary embodimentof the invention.

FIG. 2 shows a system for dynamic modification of a metadata in acontentat a receiver end, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of theinvention.

FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of a method for enabling dynamic modificationof a metadata in a first content at a transmitter end based on a firstset of rules, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of a method for enabling dynamic modificationof a metadata in a first content at a transmitter end based on a secondset of rules, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 5 is a flow diagram of a method for constructing a second contentfor enabling dynamic modification of a metadata based on either a firstset of rules or a second set of rules at a transmitter end, inaccordance with an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 6 is flow diagram of a method for enabling dynamic modification ofa metadata in a content at a receiver end based on a first set of rules,in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of a method for enabling dynamic modificationof a metadata in a content at a receiver end based on a second set ofrules, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 8 depicts a data format in relation to a metadata for enablingdynamic modification in the metadata, in accordance with an embodimentof the invention.

FIG. 9 shows an exploded view of a data format in relation to a metadatafor enabling dynamic modification in the metadata, in accordance with anembodiment of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

It is believed that this invention will be better understood from aconsideration of the following description in conjunction with thedrawing figures, in which like reference numerals are carried forward.

As required, detailed embodiments of the invention are disclosed herein;however, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments aremerely exemplary of the invention, which can be embodied in variousforms. Therefore, specific structural and functional details disclosedherein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as arepresentative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variouslyemploy the invention in virtually any appropriately detailed structure.Further, the terms and phrases used herein are not intended to belimiting but rather to provide an understandable description of theinvention.

The terms “a” or “an”, as used herein, are defined as one or more thanone. The term plurality, as used herein, is defined as two or more thantwo. The term another, as used herein, is defined as at least a secondor more. The terms including and/or having, as used herein, are definedas comprising (i.e., open language). The term coupled, as used herein,is defined as connected, although not necessarily directly, and notnecessarily mechanically. The terms program, software application, andthe like as used herein, are defined as a sequence of instructionsdesigned for execution on a computer system. A program, computerprogram, or software application may include a subroutine, a function, aprocedure, an object method, an object implementation, an executableapplication, an applet, a servlet, a source code, an object code, ashared library/dynamic load library and/or other sequence ofinstructions designed for execution on a computer system.

The invention relates generally to dynamically modifying a metadata inrelation to a content. Pursuant to the various embodiments, theinvention provides a method and a system to enable dynamic modificationof a metadata in the content. The content can comprise a movie, a video,a viewable online content and a non-movie content that may include a TVserial, a documentary, and a game. Typically, the content can be asingle file or a set of multiple files. The set of rules applied to thecontent can comprise a plurality of advertisements, a plurality ofsubtitles, a plurality of holograms and a plurality of censor rules.These set of rules are based on certain criteria, such criterion cancomprise a region to which the content is transmitted and a viewingpattern of a viewer. In various embodiments of the invention, themetadata is sent separately from the content. This facilitates changingthe metadata and sending such modified metadata to a receiver forapplying it to the content that has already been sent.

FIG. 1 shows a system 100 for dynamic modification of a metadata in acontent at a transmitter end, in accordance with an exemplary embodimentof the invention. System 100 at the transmitter end comprises a contentreceiver 105 that receives the content from a content provider. Thecontent provider can be, for example, a video production house or a filmproduction house or a site management company or a television channelthat owns the rights for a distribution of the content. However thecontent provider may not be an external entity, but such content may beowned or produced in-house. A processor 110 at the transmitter enddetermines a set of rules to be applied to the content. The content canbe the same content or a different content to which the same set ofrules or a different set of rules can be applied. Consider a scenariowherein a movie is to be played in different locations. The movie hasfirst set of rules (for example advertisements, subtitles, holograms)that are applied for first location wherein the set of rules arelocal/confined to first location and for the same movie a second set ofrules (for example advertisements, subtitles, holograms) are applied fora second location wherein the second set of rules are local/confined tosecond location. Thereby reducing the process of re-authoring the moviefor both the first location and the second location As, only the rulesto be applied for the first location and the second location aredifferent, it is only required to apply a different set of rules to themovie. In an embodiment of the invention, processor 110 can also beresponsible for storing the content at the transmitter end in a storage120, depending on an arrangement with the content provider i.e. thearrangement may contemplate a one time payment for obtaining the contentfrom the content provider. A transmission interface 115 transmits thecontent and the set of rules separately to a receiver. In an embodimentof the invention, transmitter interface 115 transmits only the set ofrules to the receiver. It will be appreciated that the functionality atthe transmitter end as mentioned herein is not exhaustive and could beimplemented by various other methods.

FIG. 2 shows a system 200 for dynamic modification of a metadata in acontent at a receiver end, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment ofthe invention. System 200 at the receiver end comprises a receiver 205.Receiver 205 can be, for example, a set top box that can be installed ata user location in order to view the content. Receiver 205 comprises areceiver module 210 that receives the content, for example a movie, anda set of rules such as a plurality of advertisements, a plurality ofsubtitles and a plurality of holograms to be applied to the content,from a transmitter end. Receiver 205 further comprises a processor 215.Processor 215 applies the set of rules to the content that are receivedby receiver module 210 to produce a resulting content that can be storedin a storage 220. Since the content and the set of rules are stored atthe receiver end, the transmitter end may not transmit the content againwhen it transmits a different set of rules to the receiver end.Processor 215 then sends the resulting content that is stored in storage220 to a display unit 225. In an exemplary embodiment of the inventiondisplay unit 225 can be, for example, a television set, a DVD player anda personal computer.

In this document, relational terms such as first and second, and thelike have been used solely to distinguish one entity or action fromanother entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying anyactual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.Turning now to FIG. 3 a flow diagram of a method for enabling dynamicmodification of a metadata in a first content at a transmitter end basedon a first set of rules, in accordance with an embodiment of theinvention. At step 305, a first content is constructed from a contentprovider. Those skilled in the art shall realize that the first contentcan be a single file or a set of multiple files. As explained earlier,the content provider can be, for example, a production house, a moviechannel, a music company and a content owner. Further, the content canalso be owned and produced in-house. At step 310, upon receiving thefirst content, a processor determines a first set of rules based on afirst criterion. In an embodiment of the invention, the first set ofrules is a metadata that can be dynamically combined with the firstcontent at a receiver end. As explained earlier, the metadata caninclude a plurality of advertisements, or a plurality of subtitles, or aplurality of censor rules that can be dynamically combined with thecontent at the receiver end. The first criterion can comprise ageography of a place, a plurality of censor rules and a plurality ofviewing patterns of a user that are observed over a period of time.Thereafter, as depicted in step 315, the first content and the first setof rules are sent separately to a receiver module.

The dynamic modification of a first content at the receiver end isenabled due to sending a first content and a first set of rulesseparately to the receiver end. This enables further, sending only asecond set of rules to the receiver end to be applied to the firstcontent.

FIG. 4 shows a flow diagram of a method for enabling dynamicmodification of a metadata in a first content at a transmitter end basedon a second set of rules, in accordance with an embodiment of theinvention. At step 405, a second set of rules are determined based on asecond criterion in order to enable applying the second set of rules tothe first content that has already been sent to the receiver end. Thesecond set of rules are different from the first set of rules that havebeen sent to the receiver end, and are determined based on a secondcriterion, different from a first criterion. Therefore, the second setof rules can include a different set of advertisements, or subtitles orcensor rules. At step 410, the second set of rules are sent to thereceiver. In an embodiment of the invention, for example, the firstcriterion or the second criterion comprise a geography of a place, aplurality of censor rules and a plurality of viewing patterns of a userthat are observed over a period of time.

In an embodiment of the invention the second set of rules can be merelyrearranging an order of advertisement or a slot of advertisement, theinformation of which is already sent while sending the first set ofrules. So, the second set of rules may not comprise the advertisementsthe receiver module has already received and stored along with the firstcontent and the first set of rules. This would further increase theefficiency by avoiding resending the advertisement along with the secondset of rules.

As it has been stated earlier that the content can be the same contentor a different content to which the same set of rules or a different setof rules can be applied. FIG. 5 is a flow diagram of a method forconstructing a second content for enabling dynamic modification of ametadata based on either a first set of rules or a second set of rulesat a transmitter end, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.Those skilled in the art shall realize that the second content can be asingle file or a set of multiple files. At step 505, the second contentis constructed. At step 510, the second content is sent to receivermodule. To the second content, either the first set of rules or thesecond set of rules that have been sent earlier to the receiver modulecan be applied at processor. The second content can be different fromthe first content.

On receiving the first content and the first set of rules at receivermodule, processor applies the first set of rules to the first content toform a first resulting content and thereafter displays the firstresulting content on display unit.

FIG. 6 is a flow diagram depicts a method to enable dynamic modificationof a metadata in a first content at a receiver end based on a first setof rules, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. At step605, receiver module receives the first content and the first set ofrules. The first content and the first set of rules are then stored instorage. At step 610, processor applies the first set of rules to thefirst content to obtain a first resulting content. The first resultingcontent is the content merged with the metadata that has been receivedat the receiver end. At step 615, the resulting content is then sent tothe display unit for displaying it. The content may be viewed once, orseveral times, and the viewing may be time-limited, for example, for aweek. Further, the rules for viewing the content can be governed by asubscription model. For a customer who subscribes to the subscriptionmodel, the rules for viewing the content can be completely customizablebased on the preferences of a service provider or a content provider.

Storage stores the first content that can further receive a differentset of rules to be applied to the first content and then apply a secondset of rules to the first content to obtain a second resulting content.The second resulting content is then displayed on display unit.

Considering a scenario wherein the content for example a movie that isreceived by the receiver, to which a set of rules for exampleadvertisement ‘A’ has been applied, is being viewed in a first location.It is now required to apply a different set of rules for exampleadvertisement ‘B’ to the same movie to be viewed in a second location.The reason being that advertisement ‘B’ is customized for viewing forthe people in the second location. Therefore re-authoring the movie whenthe set of rules in relation to the movie changes from advertisement ‘A’to advertisement ‘B’ is not required. Referring now to FIG. 7 a flowdiagram for a method for enabling dynamic modification of metadata inthe content at a receiver end based on a second set of rules is inaccordance with an embodiment of the invention. At step 705, receivermodule receives the second set of rules that are determined based on asecond criterion. The second set of rules can be a set ofadvertisements, or subtitles or censor rules or holograms that aredifferent from the first set of rules. The second set of rules arereceived by the receiver module since the same need to be applied to thefirst content that has already been received. This reduces the processof re-authoring the entire content in order to display differentadvertisements or subtitles or censor rules or holograms with the firstcontent. At step 710, processor applies the second set of rules to thefirst content that is already present in storage. A second resultingcontent is obtained as a result of applying the second set of rules tothe first content. At step 715, the second resulting content is sent tothe display unit for displaying it.

In order to enable dynamic modification of metadata, the first set ofrules and the first content are sent separately from the transmitter endto the receiver end. Thereafter, the first content is stored at storageand subsequently the second set of rules is sent to receiver module. Thefirst set of rules and the second set of rules are dynamically appliedto the first content. Therefore, there is no need for re-authoring thefirst content when the metadata in relation to the first contentchanges. The first set of rules and the second set of rules, whichdenote the metadata, follow a data format that enables dynamicmodification of the metadata.

FIG. 8 depicts a data format in relation to a metadata for enablingdynamic modification in the metadata, in accordance with an embodimentof the invention. A Data format 805 as depicted is an extensible formatto enable structuring of a set of rules designed to store a coordinateddigital media data and can also support data playback from a locallystored content or a streamed network playback. Further, data format 805is independent of a particular digital media composition system, acomputer operating system, or a data communications protocol. Dataformat 805 can include information such as an author, a title, apublication date, a rights information. The structure of data format 805facilitates a user to stop, fast-forward to a chapter, play only on thesongs in a video, and browse and search the content. Additionally, dataformat 805 can enable addition of other elements that can be useful in aredundant deployment, an advertising and a message insertion, includingthe ability to provide a text over video overlays during a playback ofthe content.

Data format 805 comprises a header object 807 and a track object 809. Inan embodiment of the invention, data format 805 further comprises a dataobject 811. Header object 807 contains information that is required tointerpret an information in track object 809 and data object 811. Trackobject 809 describes a type of a track. Type of the track can be forexample a combination of a video and an audio, or a combination of avideo and an audio and a text, or a video, or an audio or a JointPhotographic Experts Group (JPEG), or a text. Data object 811 describesan actual data stream. In an embodiment of the invention, where dataobject 811 does not form a part of data format 805, data format 805 maypoint to a location of a data object. The data object may be a separatephysical file or a Uniform Resource Locator (URL).

In another embodiment, a partially downloaded data format 805 as shownin FIG. 8 may be functional. Having received the required header object807 and some complete set of data objects 811, it is possible to seek toany position (backward and forward) within the partially downloaded dataformat 805. Those skilled in the art, shall appreciate that data format805 does not require the use of an index object; on the other hand,conventionally implementations require the index in order to gainefficient access to content.

FIG. 9 shows an exploded view of a data format in relation to a metadatafor enabling dynamic modification in the metadata, in accordance with anembodiment of the invention. The exploded view of the data formatillustrates various components of data format 805 as shown in FIG. 9. Aheader object 807 can include a plurality of parameters such as a size901 of header object 807, a header object type 903, a table of contents905, a DRM information 907 and a number of tracks object 909.

In an embodiment of the invention, header object type 903 may be adescription of a content, denoting a movie, an advertisement, a trailer,a game, a music video, or a music. Table of contents 905 may include aplurality of optional parameters providing a menu navigation, abibliographic information, and an interactive menu descriptions. DRMInformation 907 may include a digital rights information associated withthe content. Number of track object 909 can include a total number oftracks present. Header object 807 can include a well-known byte sequenceof the data format 805 and can also include an information that isrequired to properly interpret the information within a track object 909and data object 811 as shown in FIG. 9. Additionally, header object 807can specify the overall object type for data format 805.

Data format 805 further comprises at least one track object 809. Atleast one track object 809 can include a plurality of parameters such asa size 911, a track type 913, a track profile 915, a DRM Information917, a track playback rules 919, a data object pointer 921 and a data923. In an embodiment of the invention, size 916 denotes a total size oftrack object 809. Track type 913 describes a type of track. Type of thetrack can be for example a combination of a video and an audio, acombination of a video and an audio and a text, a video, an audio, aJoint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG), or a text. Track profile 915can include parameters that describe the track, including a coding typeand a length. DRM Information 917 can be a digital rights informationassociated with the track. Track playback rules 919 can be rules thatare associated with playing the track. Track playback rules 919 cancomprise rules such as a play always, a play beginning at a particulartime offset, a repeat, a delete from a particular time offset range.Data object pointer 921 may point to data 923. Data 923 can be containedin data format 805 itself, or separately. Data 923 can be, for example,an actual data stream. Track object 809 describes the type of track, forexample a video, an audio, or a text track that forms part of the headerobject 807. Typically a movie may have at least two tracks, for examplea video and an audio. If the movie is separated into a plurality of data923, it may have a plurality of video tracks and a plurality if audiotracks. The text track can be used for a closed captioning, a pluralityof subtitles and a text overlay-based advertising.

The data format 805 may further comprise of a data object 811. Dataobject 811 can include a plurality of parameters such as a size 927, adata profile 929 and a data 931. In an embodiment of the invention, size927 denotes the total size of data object 811. Data profile 929 caninclude parameters of data object 811. Data 931 can be an actual datastream.

In an embodiment of the invention, data format 805 can be in an XML(Extensible Markup Language) format, or an Abstract Syntax Notationnumber One (ASN.1) format. Those of skill in the art, however, willappreciate that the implementation for data format as mentioned hereinis not exhaustive and could be implemented by various other formats

Another embodiment of the invention may comprise data format 805 of FIG.8 supporting a transmission of a live content over a network. The livecontent can refer to a digital media content, which may be recorded upona persistent medium such as a disk, a compact disc, a digital videodevice.

The various embodiments of the invention provide a method and systemthat enable dynamic modification of metadata if any changes to a contentare required during playback. The metadata is kept separate from thecontent, as a result it does not require cumbersome and costlyre-authoring and reconstructing of the content. Further, this enablesthe same metadata or a set of rules to be applied to different contentor different metadata to be applied to the same content. The metadatacan therefore enable addition of elements that can be useful in aredundant deployment such as advertising and message insertion,including the ability to provide a text over video overlays during aplayback of the content.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the disclosure overcomesthe limitations as stated above with respect to static descriptions of acontent, which require the content to be completely re-authored if anychanges to the content are required during playback. In addition, thecontent description format is tied to the content itself. The uniquenessof the invention lies in its dynamic mechanism in a way the content suchas a movie, a video and an online content can be viewed.

1. A method to enable dynamic modification of metadata in a firstcontent, the method comprising: constructing the first content;determining a first set of rules for the first content based on a firstcriterion; and sending the first set of rules and the first content to areceiver to enable the receiver to apply the first set of rules to thefirst content.
 2. The method of claim 1 further comprising: determininga second set of rules for the first content based on a second criterion;and sending the second set of rules to the receiver to enable thereceiver apply the second set of rules to the first content.
 3. Themethod of claim 1 further comprising: creating a second content; andsending the second content to a receiver to enable the receiver to applythe first set of rules to the second content.
 4. The method of claim 1,wherein the step of constructing the first content includes the step ofreceiving the first content from one of a video production house, a filmproduction house, a site management company, and a television channel.5. The method of claim 1, wherein the first content comprises a movie, avideo, a viewable online content, a television serial, a documentary,and a game.
 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first set of criterioncomprises a region to which the first content is transmitted, and aviewing pattern of a viewer.
 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the firstset of rules comprises a plurality of advertisements, a plurality ofsubtitles, a plurality of holograms and a plurality of censor rules. 8.The method of claim 7, wherein the first set of rules is formatted usinga data format, the data format comprising: at least one track object,the track object comprising a type of a track that can be one or more ofa video, an audio, a text, or a JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group);and at least one header object, the header object comprising an headerinformation required to interpret the track object.
 9. The method ofclaim 7, wherein the data format further comprises a data object, thedata object comprising a data that can be a video stream, an audiostream and a text stream.
 10. A method for dynamic modification ofmetadata in a first content, the method comprising: receiving the firstcontent and a first set of rules separately; applying the first set ofrules to the first content to obtain a first resultant content; anddisplaying the first resultant content.
 11. The method of claim 10further comprising: receiving a second set of rules; applying the secondset of rules to the first content to obtain a second resultant content;and displaying the second resultant content.
 12. A system for dynamicmodification of metadata in a content at a transmitter, the systemcomprising: a receiver interface for receiving a content; a processorfor determining a set of rules based on a first criterion; a transmitterinterface for sending the content and the set of rules separately to areceiver.
 13. The system of claim 12 further comprises a memory to storethe content and the first set of rules.
 14. A system for dynamicmodification of metadata in a content at a receiver, the systemcomprising: a receiver interface to receive a content and a set of rulesseparately; a processor to apply the set of rules to the content toobtain a resultant content; and a display unit to display the resultantcontent.
 15. The system of claim 14 further comprising a memory to storethe content and the first set of rules.
 16. The system of claim 14,wherein the display unit comprises a television set, a DVD player, and apersonal computer.